Glue and process of producing glue from casein



i for wood, textile [as like, but do .not'

I cial form,

' of casein and phenol, when Patented Feb. 14, 1928.

UNITED STATES.

ononeii tnnznnnomm nnnnsrvn comm, CH'USET'IS.

No Drawing.

This invention relates to improvements in processes of makin v glue.-

Glue, as is well lrnown, comprises an inof gelatin prepared on account ferior grade ualit-ies for o of its adhesive and industries.

. from the skin of-an animal, particularly the corium which lies between the epiderm s and inner layer of fat, or

ll) scales and muscular tissue of fish;

Various means are employed for producingglue from t ese materials. An old process of producing glue from skins of animals consists in boiling p lebo 7 us .ing heat in soft water until the fluid attains the right consistency when it is drawn ofi into con ealing boxes, allowed to settle, strained rom impurities and finall dried.

Another method of making glue from zo'hides consists in first liming the hides to facilitate the removal of adhering flesh and fat, or treating the hides with lime, caustic soda or sulphuric acid for alike-purpose, then heatingthe hide in water to a mild 4 as boiling heat until a solution of the desired consistency is attained.

, The process of producing fish glue is con ducted in a similar mannerg" is skins, scales and waste muscular tissue. usually are 30 employed. It is first washed then "boiled in water until'the solution is of proper consistency.

These 'lues' usually are adhesives. materials, paper and the have sufliciently strong ad' hesive properties to adhere w loid, metal such as aluminum and the lil e.

The object of thepresent invention is to provide a process for producing glue having 40 greater adhesive properties A. further ob ect ,of the invention 515 to provide aprocess of producin g' glue fromsubstance such as casem. Casein, a product of milk, in its commer has an acid due to its method of In this condition it 18 not completely also notinalcohoL' 1 I have found that, for instance, equal parts the acid ty as neutralizedaby an soluble in ethylal'eohol that four'parte (if-casein.- pheml, when neutralized h or nnnni'rnss, or nos'ron, mssaermsn'r'rs, Aconronnrron or massa- Application-filed December 4,1524, Serial no. 753,987.

t-is usually prepared either from the skin strong adhesive properties will be produced.

" erty of swelling dispers ble water,

j a low concentration of h nnssncnusntr'rs, ASSIGNOR 'ro mn s'rm anon inn) rnocnss or rnonucrue dram rnom onsnm;

stance, are soluble in ethyl alcohol of 100- proof.

I have discovered that by treating a substance, such as casein, thus neutralized, with-'- a liquid mixture comprising, a suitable phenol such as cresylic acid, car'bolic acid or the like, and water and alcohol, in the presence of heat at a teri1peratureof140 F. and at atmospheric pressure, a liquid glue of In the performance of the process com- 05 mercial casein is employed, which is obtained from ;milk; lapge quantities of such casein being importedfrom South America. The neutralized casein is treated with a liquid mixture comprising a phenol, water and alcoholat a temperature of approximately 140 F. until a colloidal liquidof the desired consistency is obtained.

In the practicalperformance of the process it hasbeen found that casein treated by the abovefingredients in the following proportions produces a 'verystrong, adhesive, liquid glue: The preferred proportions are as follows:--dried casein twelve pounds, phenol four to eight pounds, (casein, as commercially obtainable, varies in its propin water and hence, in order to secure a des red uniform consistency, the amount of phenol will be variable within substantially these limits), water eight pounds, alcohol fourteen pounds. This mixture is gradually heated to about one hundred forty'degrees temperature Fahrenheit and .such heat maintained for a short time when it will attain. thej'desired consistency. In order to overcome the acidity of the, A. casein and also of the phenol, a mild alkali- 'desirably is introduced into the mixture, such for. example as bora'x, soda .ash' or,- ammonia. In t e use of the ingredient in the proportions above described such acidity. is overcome and the alkaline nature of the glue assured b the use of approximately three pounds 0 borax, or one pound of soda ash, or one and one-half" pounds of concen-f 10o trated solution of ammonia. The term mild alkali is used as meaning such. alkalis'as give droxyl ions in solu-f tionas compared with strong allzalis such' as caustic soda,-which-give a distinctively -10 hi aconcentration;

willhelunderstood other chemicals subbeelnployedin the solution for the treatment of casein or other similar substance, and that the proportions may be slightly varied as the character or conditions of the. materials may vary. It

will therefore be understood that the exact formula which is disclosed herein is of an illustrative character and is not restrictive and that such variations may be made as will be obvious ,to 'those skilled in the art, within the meaning and scope of the followmg' c aims.

Having thus described the invention, what and desired to be secured IS I dred forty degrees Fa stantially of producing a casein glue tem rature of one hundred fo d Fah gnheit for a sufiicient time to groduce a liquid lue.

r 2. e process of producing casein glue which comprises mixing casein with a liquid mixture comprising a phenol, alcohol, water and an alkali in amount at least sullicient to neutralize the acidity of the Inc in the prwence of heat at a proximately one hunrenheit for a suflicient time to produce a liquid glue.

3. Aliquid casein glue composition consisting of the following ingredients in subthe following proportions: casein twelve pounds, phenol four to eight pounds, water elght pounds, alcohol fourteen pounds, and alkali in amount sullicient to neutralize the acidity of the composition.

- In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

GEORGE'IANZENDOBFER. 

